In endemic communities with Schistosoma spp. prevalence of less than 10%, WHO suggests one of two approaches based on the programmes’ objectives and resources: (i) where there has been a programme of regular preventive chemotherapy, continuing preventive chemotherapy at the same or a reduced frequency towards interruption of transmission; and (ii) where there has not been a programme of regular preventive chemotherapy, a clinical approach of test-and-treat, instead of preventive chemotherapy targeting a population.