Prevention of mother-to-child HBV transmission using antiviral therapy. In HIV-infected pregnant and breastfeeding women (including pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy and women of childbearing age), a once-daily fixed-dose combination of tenofovir + lamivudine (or emtricitabine) + efavirenz is recommended as first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). This recommendation applies both to lifelong treatment and to ART initiated for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) and then stopped