Treatment is recommended for all adults with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) (including pregnant women and girls and women of reproductive age) with presence of coinfections (such as HIV, hepatitis D or hepatitis C); family history of liver cancer or cirrhosis; immune suppression (such as long-term steroid use, solid organ or stem cell transplant); comorbidities (such as diabetes or metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease); or extrahepatic manifestations (such as glomerulonephritis or vasculitis), regardless of the APRI score or HBV DNA or ALT levels