Antiviral therapy (for people with chronic hepatitis B infection) is lifelong. Discontinuation of nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy may be considered exceptionally for: • people without clinical evidence of cirrhosis (or based on a noninvasive test score – APRI or transient elastography – suggesting advanced fibrosis); and • who can be followed carefully after discontinuation and long term for reactivation; and • if there is evidence of HBeAg loss and seroconversion to anti-HBe (for people initially HBeAg-positive) and after completion of at least one additional year of treatmen ; and • in association with persistently normal ALT levelsb and persistently undetectable HBV DNA levels (if HBV DNA testing is available). If HBV DNA testing is not available: discontinuing nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy may be considered for people who have evidence of persistent HBsAg loss and after completion of at least one additional year of treatment, regardless of previous HBeAg status.